Welding rod



INVENTOR RUSSEL L FRAN KS ATTORNEY R. FRANKS WELDING ROD Jan. 12, 1937.

Files} July 28, 1934 M & G Uw m MR MR WI m se mm m N O T 0m RL G mm mm oM mw w P s I 2 G G I... 1 I F. X F G I G WL l 2 W 3 A N I I A A E A T TMTE N WM N 0 0 m m L L na a;

intentions. 1 2,193! c I r v H 2,067,630

UNITED [STATES PATENT OFFICE WELDING ROD ussell Franks, Jackson Heights,N. Y., assignor,

by mesne assignments, to Union Carbide and gar-Eon Corporation, acorporation New or e Application July 28, 1934, Serial No. 737,384

' 4 C1aims. (01. 219-8) The invention relates to welding and refers oithe rod was increased to about 0.7% or more,

specifically to welding Irods coated with a flux less than 10% of thecolumbium in the rod was containing metallic silicon. V lost.

Application Serial Number 593,928, filed Feb- In Patent 2,056,765,issued October 6, 1936 to ruary 18, 1932, by Frederick M. Becket andRussell Frederick M. Becket and Russell Franks, and co- Franks jointly,describes chromium-nickel steels pending application Serial No. 737,386,filed July containing additions ofcolumbium and/or tan- 28, 1934, byFrederick M. Becket and Russell talum acting to lessen materially lossof corrosion Franks jointly, are described the benefits to be resistanceon prolonged holding at elevated temderived from the inclusionofsuitable amounts of I peratures in the neighborhood of 500 C. Patentsilicon in the body of the rod as an alloyed con- 10 No.1,954,344Jissued to Frederick M. Becket and stituent. While thisexpedient is a satisfactory {Russell Franks, describes chromium steelsconsolution of the problemundermanycircumstances, taining additions ofcolumbium, with or without it will not always bedesirable to addsuflicient tantalum, actingto lessen materially the hardness silicon inthis manner to obtain the desired peris, or hardenability of the steels.In both of these centage recovery of columbium. It is an object types oisteels it is important that the ratio of of the present invention toprovide another and columbium tocarbon be maintained within arelasomewhat more flexible way to utilize the desired tively narrowrange in order to develop the valuprotective action of silicon, ableproperties of, the materials. The invention is a welding ilux containingme- The widest commercial application of the above tallic silicon orsilicon alloy, and a welding rod 0 typesof steels cannot be attainedunless there is provided with a coating-comprising a siliconavailable asatisfactory flux or flux coated weldcontaining flux. l ing rod forwelding them. It is an object of this The silicon is preferably ratherfinely cominvention to provide such a flux and flux coated minuted, andmay be in thefform of metallic welding rod. silicon, or ierro-silicon orother silicon alloy. 25 I havefound that weld filler material con-Slag-forming materials other than metallic sili- 1, jtaining 1 columbiumtends to lose excessive con, for example metal oxides, silicates,fluorides, amounts of this constituent when melted by an borates, and/orcarbonates, and/or abinder, for oxyacetylene torch or an electric arcduring weldexample dextrine or a soluble silicate or silicon ingoperations unlessthe material contains an ester, may also beincorporated in the flux,

effective amount ofsillcon. The following table The flux of'theinvention may be applied, to 30 (A) of test data serves to illustratethis fact. The the portions of the work which are being welded, welds inthese tests were made in twelve-gage 1n the form of a powderor a paste,or it may be 7 sheet with one-eighth inch welding rods, using applied tothe Welding rod as a coat or sheath. both theelectric arc and theoxyacetylene torch Suitable f rms of coated W n ds are Shown methods. Asuitable flux. containing no unconrin the accompanying drawing, in which35 bined metal, was employed. Figure 1 is a. longitudinal crosssectional view TABLE A 40 a v 40 Composition of welding rodcompositiogggfwmd Methog1 gt weld- Percclent Pei- Joint PefilelntPerzent Perscient Pecgnt Pocgnt Perscicnt Poi-(gent 45 1&39 8.95 o 540.06 0.17 0.72 {g, ,';g}g a 18.63 9.27 .34 11 .33 1.21 Electrician--..86 0.32 .01 a m a a {es-ass: is 12: :s 50

Examination of these test results reveals that of a welding rod l0 andof a flux coat ll contain-. 1 1 when the silicon content of the rod wasonly 0.17% ing silicon and slag forming materials, and

about 50% of the columbium in the original rod Figure 2 is alongitudinal cross sectional view 5 jfiiwas lost during welding. Whenthesilicon content of a welding rod I 0, of a flux coat l2 containingsilicon, and an adherent second'flux coat [3 containing slag formingmaterials.

The results are given in the following table (B) in which allpercentages and parts are by weight.

preferably; contains chromium, carbon, and

'columbium. Nickel may be present in. large amounts. .Compositio'nswhichare recommended as especiallyiuseiul oomprise substantlallyi Chromium.3% to 30%;-.. 115% to 30%; Nickel.-. ,Up to 5%..... 5 to 30%. Carb0n 01%to 0.3%; 0101 to0.3%, Columbium .1% to 3%.-.- 0.1 0 to 3%.

angan o p o Iron.=.'; T c'r m inder The remainder.

iU'p to-about 4%1 tantalum may also-be present and a columbium contentas high as 5% may be permitted for'some purposes. The columbiu'mcontent-should be at least'aboutfour times; and

is preferably at least eight to ten timesithe car bon content. Thecolumbiumcontent preferably also exceeds the tantalum content. The usualsmall amounts' 'oi sulfur'and phqsphomsmy 'bepresentp r Experimentswhich have made demonstrate the eiilcacyof the'flu'x' oi the invention.For

example, welding rods containing "about 18% chromium-and about 8%nickeLand also containing by analysis 18.39%] chromium, 8.95% nickel,0.72% columloium,v 0.17%; silicon, and

, '0.06%.'carbon', were coated with silicon contai'n ing flux anddeposited by electric arcgwelding;

The weld metal was then analyzed forcolumbium and carbon in each case;Rods of identical com 1 position but having no silicon in their fluxcoats were similarly deposited by arcwelding and the v deposited metalwas analyzed for comparison. I

TAnLs B Composition of flux 30 parts feldspar 80 parts feldspar '75parts Ca-Mg silicate 10 parts QaO IOparts CaO 10 parts clay 6 partschrome ore 5 parts chrome ore 10 parts rutile 2% parts dextrlne, 2%parts dcxtrine' 5 parts ierrosllicon (75% Si) J 2% parts silicon metalThe flux may be attached to the rod'byform-' Welding t t ing an.adhesive paste or adhesive glaze containing the flux, in which case thestructure f P I Per cent R shown in Figure 1 is obtained; by'placing alayer Test ggg gi, l o- 3 $52 of flux next to the rod and covering thislayer m I with an adherentpaste orglaze, obtaining the I 1 structureshown in Figure 2; .'or by holding the 1g 33g; flux onto the rod by'a'fabric "sheath in known In 11 155 75% manneia, M l m The'body l0 of therod-is 'of ferrous metaland From the results shown in Table B it mayreadily be seen that the losses of columbium during welding may bereduced considerablyby the .use of the. present invention. Similarresults are obtainable'in oxyacetylene welding.

Although specific proportions have. been presented' herein by way ofexample, it is'obvious that other proportions maybe used'without de- I.parting from the'invention It is'alsoclear that any material which is ,astrong reducing agent for 'columbium-oxides under welding conditions,

such "as aluminum for example, may be substituted for all or a part ofthe silicon.

I claim; '1. A welding rod comprising a ferrous metal body containingcolumbiumand a coat thereon,

-the said coat containing about 1% to 50% metallic silicon. a

2. A welding rod. comprising a ferrous metal body containing about 3% to30% chromium, about 0.01% to 0.3% carbon, about 0.1%- to 5% columbium,and up to about 1% silicon, and a coat on said body, said coatcontaining about 1% to 50% silicon.

3. A welding rod comprising a ferrous metal bodyqcontaining about 12%-'to 30% chromium,

. about 5% to 30% nickel, about 0.01% to 0.3%

carbon, about 0.1% to 5% columbium. and up to about 1% silicon, and acoat on said body, said" coatcontaining about 1% to 50% silicon.

4. Awelding rod comprising-aferrous metal body containing columbium. anda coat thereon, the said coat containing slag forming materials, abinder, and about 1% to silicon.

RUBBEIL FRANKIE.

